Login to Access Video or Poster Abstract: MP65-18
Sources of Funding: none

Introduction

Proteomic patterns in body fluids gain increasing importance as a new tool for the identification of novel, highly sensitive diagnostic markers for the detection of cancer. One promising approach in the search for useful bladder cancer biomarkers is to study the urine proteome during the occurrence of the disease. _x000D_ No previous reports on assessment of ApoA1 and ApoA2 protein in serum or tissue of bladder cancer patients._x000D_ The aim of our study to Identify and assess the expression of ApoA1 and ApoA2 protein in urine samples of bladder cancer patients and to validate results by correlations with analysis of urinary bladder tissue and blood samples._x000D_ Also to Correlate the results with histopathology findings, and the clinical picture_x000D_

Methods

Thirty two patients admitted to the urology department were enrolled in the study; 22 were histologically diagnosed as bladder cancer patient whereas the remaining 10 patient were diagnosed as cystitis. Ten healthy control subjects were also included in the study. Morning voided urine sample and Ten ml blood sample were collected from each patient. Urine and blood samples were transported to the laboratory on ice., and were separated by centrifugation and stored at -80°C till the time of laboratory assays. One gm from suspected tissue lesions were collected during cystoscopy from suspected bladder cancer patients._x000D_ Western blot technique was used to measure ApoA1 and ApoA2 protein in the serum and urine of the three groups in addition to the tissue of bladder cancer._x000D_

Results

ApoA1 & ApoA2 expression in voided urine was significantly higher in malignant group than cystitis (benign) group than normal healthy group (P < 0.05). ApoA1 & ApoA2 expression in the serum of cancer patients showing no significant difference from normal control group._x000D_ ApoA1 &ApoA2 in urine and tissue of the malignant groups were nearly expressed in the same ratio. _x000D_ There was no significant correlation between the two markers. _x000D_ Receiver operating characteristics curves were carried out to assess the diagnostic performance of ApoA1 and ApoA2 and their Sensitivity (true positive fraction) and Specificity (false positive fraction) showing 100% sensitivity and specificity for both ApoA1 &ApoA2 in urine._x000D_ No significant correlation was detected between both markers and histopathological types, presence of bilharziasis, stage, grade or gender._x000D_

Conclusions

Our study demonstrated that ApoA1 and ApoA2 protein levels in urine could serve as a non-invasive highly sensitive diagnostic and screening biomarker for bladder cancer._x000D_ The present study showed that ApoA1 and ApoA2 were expressed in bladder cancer tissue in ratios similar to their urine ratios indicating that the only source of ApoA1 and ApoA2 protein levels in urine came from bladder cancer tissue._x000D_ To our best knowledge, this study is the first to report on these markers in serum and tissue of bladder cancer patients._x000D_ Further studies of these markers on large number of patients along with follow-up of the patients for tumor recurrence are recommended._x000D_

Funding

none